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Cecily Bonville, 7th Baroness Harington and 2nd Baroness Bonville (c. 30 June 1460 – 12 May 1529) was an English peer, who was also Marchioness of Dorset by her first marriage to Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset, and Countess of Wiltshire by her second marriage to Henry Stafford, 1st Earl of Wiltshire. The Bonvilles were loyal supporters of the House of York during the series of dynastic civil wars that were fought for the English throne, known as the Wars of the Roses (1455–1487). When she was less than a year old, Cecily became the wealthiest heiress in England after her male relatives were slain in battle, fighting against the House of Lancaster. Cecily's life after the death of her first husband in 1501, was marked by an acrimonious dispute with her son and heir, Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of Dorset. This was over Cecily's right to remain sole executor of her late husband's estate and to control her own inheritance, both of which Thomas challenged following her second marriage to Henry Stafford; a man many years her junior. Their quarrel required the intervention of King Henry VII and the royal council. Lady Jane Grey, Lady Catherine Grey and Lady Mary Grey were her great-granddaughters. All three were in the Line of Succession to the English throne. Jane, the eldest, reigned as queen for nine days in July 1553. ==Bonville inheritance== Cecily Bonville was born on or about 30 June 1460〔Bye, Arthur Edwin (1956). ''History of the Bye Family and Some Allied Families''. p.275. Google Books. Retrieved 28 March 2011〕 at Shute Manor in Shute near Axminster, Devon, England. She was the only child and heiress of William Bonville, 6th Baron Harington of Aldingham and Lady Katherine Neville, a younger sister of military commander Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick known to history as "Warwick the Kingmaker". Her family had acquired the barony of Harington through the marriage of her paternal grandfather, William Bonville, to Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of William Harington, 5th Baron Harington of Aldingham.〔Richardson, Douglas; Everingham, Kimball G. (2004). ''Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families'', pp.109–110〕 When Cecily was just six months old, both her father, Lord Harington, and grandfather, William Bonville, were executed following the disastrous Battle of Wakefield on 30 December 1460. The Bonvilles, having fought with the Yorkist contingent, were shown no mercy from the victorious troops of the Queen of England, Margaret of Anjou (consort of Henry VI), who headed the Lancastrian faction, and were thus swiftly decapitated on the battlefield. Cecily's maternal grandfather, Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury was also executed after the battle which had been commanded on the Lancastrian side by Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset, while Richard, 3rd Duke of York, had led the Yorkists and was consequently slain in the fighting. Queen Margaret was in Scotland at the time raising support for her cause, so had not been present at Wakefield.〔Kendall, Paul Murray (1955). ''Richard the Third''. pp.39 – 40. London: George Allen & Unwin, Ltd. ISBN 0-04-942048-8〕 The deaths of her father and grandfather made Cecily heir apparent to her great-grandfather, William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville, thus being one of few female heirs apparent in English history. In less than two months, the Yorkists suffered another major defeat at the Second Battle of St Albans on 17 February 1461, and the Lancastrian army's commander Margaret of Anjou, in an act of vengeance, personally ordered the execution of Cecily's great-grandfather, Baron Bonville the next day.〔Costain, Thomas B. (1962). ''The Last Plantagenets''. New York: Popular Libraray (originally published by Doubleday and Company, Inc.). pp. 315–316〕 These executions left Cecily Bonville, the wealthiest heiress in England,〔(Britannia: ''Lympstone From Roman Times to the 17th Century. The Early History of Lympstone in Devon'', edited by Rosemary Smith. ) Retrieved 31-10-10〕〔W. H. Hamilton Rogers (2003). ''The Strife of the Roses and Days of the Tudors in the West''. p.52. Google Books. Retrieved 28 March 2011.〕 having inherited numerous estates in the West Country,〔Backhouse, Janet (1997). ''The Hastings Hours''. San Francisco: Pomegranate Artbooks. p.34.Google Books, retrieved 31-10-10〕 as well as manors in Lancashire, Lincolnshire, Yorkshire, and Cumberland.〔John Burke, ''A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerages of England, Ireland, and Scotland, Extinct, Dormant and in Abeyance'', p. 251, published by Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, London, 1831, Google Books, retrieved on 12 June 2009〕 She succeeded to the title of ''suo jure'' 7th Baroness Harington of Aldingham, on 30 December 1460,〔Mosley, Charles (2003). ''Burke's Peerage'', Vol.2, p.1789〕 and the ''suo jure'' title of 2nd Baroness Bonville, on 18 February 1461.〔Cokayne, G. E. (2000). ''The Complete Peerage''. Vol. II. p.219. Gloucester, UK: Alan Sutton Publishing〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cecily Bonville, 7th Baroness Harington」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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